HIV Epidemic Update 2017
As per the recently released, India HIV Estimation 2017 report, National adult (15–49 years) HIV prevalence in India is estimated at 0.22% (0.16% – 0.30%) in 2017. In 2017, adult HIV prevalence is estimated at 0.25%(0.18-0.34) among males and at 0.19% (0.14-0.25) among Females.The adult HIV prevalence at national level has continued its steady decline from an estimated peak of 0.38% in 2001-03 through 0.34% in 2007, 0.28% in 2012 and 0.26% in 2015 to 0.22% in 2017.
Figure 1 Adult HIV Prevalence in India during 1990 to 2017, HIV Estimations 2017
Among the States/UTs, in 2017, Mizoram has shown the highest estimated adult HIV prevalence of 2.04%(1.57-2.56), followed by Manipur (1.43%, 1.17-1.75), Nagaland (1.15%, 0.92-1.41), Telangana (0.70%, 0.50-0.95) and Andhra Pradesh (0.63%, 0.47-0.85). Besides these States, Karnataka (0.47%, 0.37-0.63), Goa (0.42%, 0.21-0.79), Maharashtra (0.33%, 0.25-0.45) and Delhi (0.30%, 0.18-0.47) have shown estimated adult HIV prevalence greater than the national prevalence (0.22%), while Tamil Nadu (0.22%, 0.14-0.31) had a point prevalence like the national average. All other States/UTs have levels of adult HIV prevalence below 0.22%.
Figure 2 State wise Adult HIV Prevalence in 2017, HIV Estimations 2017
The total number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in India is estimated at 21.40 lakhs (15.90 lakhs–28.39 lakhs) in 2017. Children (< 15 years) account for 0.61 (0.43-0.85) lakh while female(15+years) accounts for 8.79 (6.61-11.62) lakh people living with HIV(PLHIV) in India.
Among the States/UTs, in 2017, Maharashtra has the highest estimated number of PLHIV (3.30 Lakhs, 2.53-4.35) followed by Andhra Pradesh (2.70 Lakh, 2.00-3.58), Karnataka (2.47 Lakh, 1.91-3.23), Telangana (2.04 Lakh, 1.49-2.77), West Bengal (1.44 Lakh, 1.03-1.91), Tamil Nadu (1.42 Lakh, 0.93-1.97), Uttar Pradesh (1.34 Lakh, 1.01-1.77) and Bihar (1.15 Lakh, 0.83-1.58). These Eight States together account for almost three fourth (75.00 %) of total estimated PLHIV. Other all states have less than 1 lakh people living with HIV.
Figure 3 States/UTs wise percent distribution of total PLHIV in 2017, HIV Estimations 2017
India is estimated to have around 87.58 (36.45 – 172.90) thousand new HIV infections in 2017, showing new HIV infection decline by 85% since the peak of 1995 and by 27% between 2010-2017. Women are accounted for 40% of annual new HIV infection in 2017. Annual new HIV infections are increasing in three states of the north-east region- Assam, Mizoram and Meghalaya and also in Uttarakhand, while in Nagaland, Manipur, Delhi, Chhattisgarh and Jammu & Kashmir Decline is less than 10% in last 7 years. Ten states accounts for 71% of total annual new HIV infection: Telangana, Bihar, west Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujrat, Tamil Nadu and Delhi.
Figure 4 States/UTs wise percent distribution of new HIV Infections in 2017, HIV Estimations 2017
Since 2005, when the number of AIDS related deaths (ARD) started to show a declining trend, the annual number of AIDS related deaths has declined by almost 71%. In 2017 an estimated 69.11 (29.94 –140.84) thousand people died of AIDS-related causes nationally. AIDS-related deaths have dropped in all of India’s States/UT with the exception of Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Haryana, Delhi, and Uttarakhand.
Figure 5 AIDS Related deaths over years, HIV Estimations 2017
India is estimated to have had 22.67(10.92-40.60) thousand HIV positive women who gave birth in 2017. State wise Prevention to Mother to child transmission (PMTCT) need were highest in Maharashtra (2.41 thousand) followed by Uttar Pradesh (2.29 thousands), Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Telangana, West Bengal, Gujrat and Tamilnadu while least were Sikkim.
Figure 6 State/UT wise PMTCT need in 2017, HIV Estimations 2017
Further details on the HIV Epidemic is available on the Surveillance and Epidemiology page of the NACO’s website (http://naco.gov.in/surveillance-epidemiology-0)